9 Common Winter Illnesses
The winter is the time of year that some illnesses are more prevalent.
Reduced sunlight exposure can decrease our bodies’ ability to fight infections. Spending more time indoors can also increase the likelihood of spreading illness through airborne particles or contact.
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* Handwashing is important.
* Avoid contact with people who are contagious.
* Always wear a mask if you are contagious, or if someone else is.
* Eat a healthy diet.
* Exercise regularly.
* Keep up to date with all vaccinations.
* Seek medical attention if you experience any concerning symptoms.
Here is a list of 9 common winter conditions that you should be aware of:
The Common Cold
A rhinovirus affects the nose and throat.
Symptoms include:
* Runny or stuffy Nose
* sneezing
* Coughing
Sore throat
* headache
* mild fever
* general feeling of being unwell
The symptoms usually last for a few days, but can be treated with decongestants and antihistamines.
The Flu
Influenza is an influenza virus infection that affects respiratory systems.
Symptoms include:
* fever
* chills
* body aches
* fatigue
* Cough
Sore throat
Flu can be serious for some people (especially those with weak immune systems), and you should contact your doctor if any symptoms are concerning.
Flu vaccinations are available every year and are the best method to prevent influenza.
Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV)
The respiratory syncytial (RSV) virus can cause respiratory illnesses in children younger than 5 years.
Symptoms include:
* wheezing
* Coughing
* trouble breathing
RSV is highly infectious and spreads easily in crowded places (such as schools). Supportive care is used, such as fluids, rest, and over-the counter medications.
RSV may cause severe illness such as pneumonia or bronchiolitis. It is important to consult a doctor if you notice symptoms in your child.
COVID-19
COVID-19, an infectious disease caused a novel coronavirus. It is highly contagious, and it has had an impact on many communities across the globe.
The severity of symptoms and the range can vary from person to person. However, they usually include:
* Cough
* fever
* fatigue
* Shortness of Breath
* Loss of taste or smell
In order to reduce the spread, it is important that people wear masks in public and wash their hands frequently.
Gastroenteritis & Norovirus
Gastroenteritis can be caused by a parasite, a virus, or bacterial infection. The most common cause is Norovirus, which is highly contagious.
Symptoms include:
* nausea
* vomiting
* diarrhea
* stomach cramps
* headache
* fever
Rest is the best treatment for this illness, which can quickly spread in places like schools and nursing homes. Drink plenty of fluids as dehydration is a common complication.
Bronchitis
Bronchitis is an inflammation of the airways that can be caused by viruses or bacteria.
Symptoms include:
* Coughing with Mucus
* chest pain
* Shortness of Breath
* fatigue
* fever
Bronchitis can be treated by resting, drinking fluids and taking over-the-counter medicines to reduce the symptoms. If the condition is more severe, antibiotics might be prescribed.
Pneumonia
Pneumonia, or fluid in the lungs is usually caused by an infection. This is a serious medical condition that requires immediate attention.
Symptoms include:
* Cough with mucus
* Bloody Coughing
* fever
* shaking chills
* Shortness of Breath
* chest pain
* fatigue
The treatment depends on the type of infection. Antibiotics are usually prescribed for bacterial infections and antiviral medication for viral infections. Resting, drinking fluids and taking antibiotics can also help relieve symptoms.
Strep Throat
The streptococcus bacterium causes strep throat, an infection in the throat. It is highly contagious, and can spread rapidly in daycares or schools.
Symptoms include:
Sore throat
* fever
* Swollen glands on the neck
* Tenderness when swallowing
* White patches on tonsils and back of throat
Antibiotics are usually prescribed to treat strep throat. Untreated, it can lead to serious complications, such as rheumatic disease or kidney inflammation.
Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD)
SAD is a common condition that occurs in winter. Lack of sunlight can affect mood, energy and appetite. Typical symptoms are:
* depression
* fatigue
* difficulty concentrating
* Increased irritability
* Changes in weight or appetite
